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Learning Tree University Class #1 Course Outline Class One: INTRO Class Two: TONING Class Three: MULTIPLE EXPOSURES Class Four: SPLIT CONTRAST FILTER PRINTING Class Five: PHOTOGRAMS & ALTERNATIVE PROCESS Class Six: SABATTIER / SOLARIZATION LTU Course Materials
Paper: Your choice from below (A minimum of 25 sheets required
but I suggest 50 sheets): Negatives: a variety from your personal collection Hand towel (required at all classes) Gloves: Required for class #2 (toning) and class #5 (cyanotype) Mat board: 11x14 inch 4 ply white "Crescent" or
mat board without texture Can of Photo Spray adhesive (unless you have access to a heat press or mat cutter) Apron (optional) Your choice of one of the following: A can of compressed air
POSSIBLE SOURCES: The less common papers (Pastels, linen) can be hard to find:
Try RECOMMENDED LOCAL PHOTO LABS:
Intermediate Darkroom LTU Vocabulary APERTURE - The size of the lens opening through which light passes. AGITATE - To move a solution over the surface of film or paper during development so that fresh liquid comes into contact with the surface. ASA - A numerical rating that describes the sensitivity of film to light. BRACKET - To make several exposures, some greater and some less than the exposure that is calculated to be correct. Bracketing allows for error and permits selection of the best exposer after development. BURN IN - To darken a specific area of a print by giving it additional printing exposer. CAMERA - A picture taking device usually consisting of a light-tight box, a film holder, a shutter to admit a measured quantity of light and a lens to focus the image. CASSETTE - A light-tight metal or plastic container that permits a roll of 35mm film to be loaded into a camera in the light. CONCENTRATE - A chemical solution that needs to be diluted with water before use. CONTACT PRINTING - Placing a negative in contact with sensitized material, usually paper, and then passing light through the negative onto the material. CONTRAST - The difference in darkness or density between one tone and another. The amounts of black and white versus the amounts of grays. CROP - To trim the edges of an image, often to improve the composition. DEVELOPER - A chemical solution that changes the invisible, latent image produced during exposer into a visible one. DODGE - To lighten an area of a print by shading it during part of the printing exposure. EASEL - Darkroom accessory used to hold printing paper flat and in place under the enlarger. EMULSION - A light-sensitive coating applied to photographic films or papers. It consists of silver halide crystals and other chemicals suspended in gelatin. EXPOSURE - The intensity of light multiplied by the length of time it falls on a light-sensitive material; specifically, the combination of shutter speed and aperture. FILM FORMAT - Negative size, such as 35 millimeter, 2 1/4" x 2 1/4", and 4" x 5". FIXER - A chemical solution that makes a photographic image insensitive to light. F-STOP - The common term for the aperture setting of a lens. HIGHLIGHT - One of the brightest things in a scene, negative, or print. You typically see this as an almost white area in the scene and final print, and a very dark (black) area on your negative. HYPO CLEAR: A chemical used to decrease the time needed to wash a photographic print. MULTI GRADE - A type of photo paper that will change contrast due to the filter used while enlarging. RESIN COATED - A type of photo paper that is coated plastic. Washes and dries much faster than other types of photo paper. SAFELIGHT - A light used in the darkroom during printing to provide general illumination without giving unwanted exposure. SABATTIER - A special effect done by exposing a partially developed print or film to raw light. This has the effect of partially and selectively reversing tones (light becomes dark, dark becomes light). SHADOW TONE - A very dark part of your scene, negative, or print. You typically see this as an almost black area in the scene and final print, and a very light (white / transparent) area on your negative. SOLARIZATION - Reverse effect that occurs when film is grossly overexposed in the camera. The term is commonly used to refer to the Sabattier effect. STOP BATH - An acid solution used between the developer and the fixer to stop the action of the developer and to preserve the effectiveness of the fixer. TONING - A method of changing the color or tint of a black and white photograph by changing the chemical qualities of the silver in the photo paper. VARIABLE CONTRAST - See "Multi Grade". WORKING SOLUTION - A chemical solution diluted to the correct strength for use.
Step 1) Trim the print. Using an "exacto" knife or one sided razor blade with a straight edge, remove any unwanted white border or "crop" the image as desired. Step 2) Measure the height and width of the trimmed print. Measure the height and width of the mat board. Step 3) Subtract the height of the print from the height of the mat board. Divide this number by 2. This number is your "top clearance". Make a small pencil mark centered below the top of the mat board at your "Top Clearance" distance. Step 4) Subtract the print width from the mat width. Divide this number by 2. Add 1/16 inch to this number (to assure hiding your marks). This number is your "side clearance". Using your eyes or a "T-Square" make a small mark even with your "top clearance" mark at your "side clearance" distance from EACH side of the mat. Step 5) Spray the back of your print. Work outside if possible, or at least open window for ventilation. Place newspapers down to protect area from glue. Spay top to bottom, using just enough adhesive to coat back of print. Let dry for 30 seconds, then re-coat side to side. Let print dry for 1 minute. Step 6) Very carefully place top corners of print over (and covering) the "side clearance" marks on your mat board. When you are satisfied with placement, press print onto mat board with a fair bit of force. Simi Valley, CA 805-577-6914 RETURN Not for reproduction or distribution without written permission. These are class handouts and are NOT meant to be complete lessons. |